The objective of this paper is to arrive at an assessment of the cost effectiveness of more fuel efficient cars.
More specifically, the paper assesses upfront technological costs and paybacks in fuel savings resulting from technical measures necessary to achieve the long-standing objective of 120 grams of CO2 emissions per kilometre for new cars sold in the EU by 2010 at the latest. [A note from Transport and Environment (T&E) to the CARS21 working group on the ‘Integrated Approach’]
If the EU holds firm on the 2035 target, the European auto industry has a real chance to be competitive global EV players.
EU's Clean Corporate Vehicles Initiative
Car, aviation and shipping industries would require 2-9 times the advanced biofuels that can be sustainably sourced in 2050.