Biofuels and land use change: review of independent studies

In December 2008 the EU adopted a new biofuels policy as part of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) and the revised Fuel Quality Directive (FQD). Both directives contain targets that will drive the development of biofuels and a set of sustainability criteria that biofuels must adhere to in order to be counted as contributing towards the targets. However, there is an important loophole: emissions resulting from indirect land use change (ILUC) remain unaccounted for in the emissions calculations.