This paper highlights some important aspects to be taken into account when developing a reliable emissions monitoring system for ships and it investigates different options.
This report is the seventh T&E has published on the annual progress Europe’s major car manufacturers have made in reducing CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of new cars.
In previous years, we assessed how each carmaker was positioned to hit their mandatory CO2 standards that the European Union has set for 2015 (130 g/km on average).
In October 2012 the European Commission launched a public consultation on 'Review of existing legislation on VAT reduced rates'. T&E has been campaigning to abolish the reduced rates for international passenger transport for years due to the harmful competitive distortions caused by those rates and the implicit subsidy it provides for passenger transport, especially in the aviation sector.
Fuel is an important and rising business cost. At the same time vans are one of the fastest growing sources of transport CO2 emissions, increasing by 26% between 1995 and 2010 and now accounting for 8% of EU’s total road transport emissions. To reduce van fuel consumption and counter rising emissions, binding CO2 standards were introduced in 2011, setting a 2017 fleetwide target of 175 CO2 g/km. For 2020 a target of 147 g/km was agreed. In its review proposal, which is currently under discussion in the European Parliament, the Commission confirmed the 147 g/km target.
In 2009, the EU set legally-binding targets for new cars to emit 130 grams of carbon dioxide (CO2) per kilometer (g/km) by 2015 and 95g/km in 2020.1 The Commission recently proposed a review of the way the 2020 target should be met.2 This confirmed the 95g/km value but reintroduced supercredits (additional rewards for sales of ultralow carbon vehicles) that weaken the target. This paper outlines why and how the market for ultralow carbon cars should be supported without reducing the wider benefits of improving the efficiency of conventional cars.
In light of this Friday's Council of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) where the future of a global aviation measure to combat climate change will be decided, 25 NGOs from around the globe signed and sent to the ICAO's Secretary General an open letter in which they call for the urgent need of a market-based measure to reduce CO2 emissions
This briefing paper, and the supporting report upon which it is based, fill the evidence gap about the employment effects of lower carbon vehicles. They summarise a review of published literature undertaken by CE Delft.
Recently a large number of studies have been published that claim that accelerated uptake of electrical vehicles (EVs) and fuel efficient cars in the market for automotive transport may have positive employment benefits.
Cars are responsible for approaching a fifth of Europe’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The amount of CO2 produced is directly related to the amount of fuel the vehicle consumes – lower carbon vehicles are therefore more fuel efficient and cheaper to run. Lower fuel costs for drivers boost consumer spending in other areas creating jobs.
Fuel is an important and rising business cost. Operating a van typically costs around €2400 a year in diesel alone – and fuel bills represent around a third of the total costs of ownership.
